Chapter 5
Seed Plant
Section 1 -- Characteristics of Seed Plants
Seed plants --- have vascular tissue
--- use seeds to reproduce
Vascular tissue types:
1. phloem-- tissue (pipes ) that carries food from leaves to other parts of the plant.
2. xylem -- tissue ( pipes ) that carries water and minerals from roots to other parts of the plant.
Seed parts:
1. embryo -- the young plant that develops from the fertilized egg.
2. Stored food . In seed plants the embryo stops growing when it is still very young. When it starts growing again it uses food stored in one or two seed leaves or cotyledons
3.seed coat -- a protective covering
Seed development:
After seeds develop they are scattered or dispersed
by wind, water, or animals.
Later germination occurs. This is when the seed
absorbs water and begins to grow . First
the embryo's roots grow downward. Then
the leaves and stems grow upward.
Plant parts:
1. leaves
-- capture the sun's energy and carry
out the food - making process called photosynthesis.
Leaf structure ( see page 145)
Define:
xylem - carries water absorbed by the plant's roots up into the leaf
phloem - carries food (sugars) made during photosynthesis throughout the plant
stomata -are tiny holes in leaves that let carbon dioxide in and oxygen and water out of the leaf
Complete the following paragraph. It is based in information found on page 145.
Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through open stomata.
Water from the plant's roots, travels up the
stem to the leaf through xylem.
During photosynthesis , sugar and oxygen
are produced from carbon dioxide and water.
The oxygen leaves the leaf through open stomata.
The sugar goes into the phloem,and travels
throughout the plant.
Leaves loose water through a process called transpiration
They can control water loss by closing stomata.
Plant link http://sunflower.bio.indiana.edu/~rhangart/plantmotion/starthere.html
2.Stems
functions
-- to carry water and food (sugars)
between the plant's roots and leaves
-- to provide support for the plant and to
hold the leaves up to the sun (light)
3. Roots
functions
-- to support a plant
-- to absorb water and nutrients
from the soil
Section 3 -- Angiosperms -- plants that produce seeds and flowers
Flower structure:
Petal -- colorful structures seen when flowers open
Sepal -- protective covering for the bud
Stamen -- male reproductive parts including the:
-filament or thin stalk that holds up
-the anther which produces pollen
(which contains sperm)
Pistil --female reproductive parts including the:
-stigma or sticky top of the pistil
- style or slender stalk that connects the stigma to the base of the flower
- ovary which is found at the base of the flower and contains the eggs
Drawing of the parts of a flower:
Reproduction in angiosperms:
pollination -- movement of pollen from the
anther to the stigma, This is done by wind, insects, or animals
fertilization -- the uniting of the sperm and egg to
form the zygote (new organism)
Life cycle of an angiosperm (page 159)
